雌二醇完全抗原及多克隆抗体的制备

目的 改造雌二醇半抗原,合成雌二醇完全抗原,并经免疫家免得到抗雌二醇多克隆抗体,为建立雌二醇的酶联免疫吸附方法及其在动物性食品安全快速检测中的应用奠定基础.方法 改造雌二醇-3-羧甲基醚(E2-3-CME),碳二亚胺(EDC)法合成免疫原(E2-BSA)和包被原(E2-OVA),采用SDS-PAGE电泳和质谱(MS)对其鉴定,免疫家兔2只,制备多克隆抗体;间接ELISA测定效价、灵敏度和特异性.结果 成功合成雌二醇免疫原和包被原,6次免疫后E2-T1和E2-T2抗血清的效价分别达到1∶128000和1∶32000,E2-T1抗体和E2-T2抗体的半数抑制浓度(IC50)分别为44.00 ng/ml和45.59 ng/ml,与雌二醇类似物没有明显交叉反应.结论 合成的雌二醇完全抗原具有较好的免疫原性,产生的抗雌二醇多克隆抗体具有较好的特异性.     

Neuropathological profile of the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) kindling model

ABSTRACT

Introduction: There are three phases of seizure developing in pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindling animal model: (i) pre-kindling phase; (ii) kindling phase or after animals are fully kindled; (iii) post-kindling phase with non-provoked spontaneous recurrent seizures. The aims of this review were to summarize the progress over time of the electroencephalographic features and neuropathological alterations in kindled PTZ treated animals.

Materials and methods: Keywords relevant to PTZ kindling were used to a guide a literature search on Pubmed, Medline and Cochrane Library.

Results: Clonic seizures induced PTZ at kindling phase led to a strong c-Fos expression in the hippocampus. Although, decline hippocampal neuron and metabolism disturbances were detected at pre-kindlig phase. Repeated PTZ induced seizures alter the GABA-mediated inhibition and glutamate-mediated excitation, which may contribute to increased seizure susceptibility. Similar to chemical animal models such as the pilocarpine and the kainic acid models, mossy fiber sprouting, hippocampal damage, and glucose hypometabolism had been seen after PTZ induced seizures.

Conclusion: PTZ kindling model may improve understanding of the seizures development provided that the differences existing between the phases of kindling model are taken into account.     

H2O2-Induced Changes in Astrocytic Cultures from Control and Rapidly Aging Strains of Mouse

The study compared the difference between the H₂O₂ treatment on astrocytic cultures from a rapidly aging strain of mouse (SAMP₈) and its sister control (R₁). A mild but statistically significant difference was observed in the numbers of dead cell between R₁ and SAMP₈ after H₂O₂ treatment. Cellular changes were equivalent in both strains after injury, including loss of cilia and side projections. Low total dose of H₂O₂ treatment (e.g., 400μM for only 1 hour) caused increased cellular synthesis, while high total dose of H₂O₂ treatment (e.g., 200μM for 4 hours) downregulated in intracellular synthesis and caused coagulation of microtubules.     

Systematic mapping of fragile X granules in the mouse brain reveals a potential role for presynaptic FMRP in sensorimotor functions

Loss of Fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) leads to Fragile X syndrome (FXS), the most common form of inherited intellectual disability and autism. Although the functions of FMRP and its homologs FXR1P and FXR2P are well studied in the somatodendritic domain, recent evidence suggests that this family of RNA binding proteins also plays a role in the axonal and presynaptic compartments. Fragile X granules (FXGs) are morphologically and genetically defined structures containing Fragile X proteins that are expressed axonally and presynaptically in a subset of circuits. To further understand the role of presynaptic Fragile X proteins in the brain, we systematically mapped the FXG distribution in the mouse central nervous system. This analysis revealed both the circuits and the neuronal types that express FXGs. FXGs are enriched in circuits that mediate sensory processing and motor planning—functions that are particularly perturbed in FXS patients. Analysis of FXG expression in the hippocampus suggests that CA3 pyramidal neurons use presynaptic Fragile X proteins to modulate recurrent but not feedforward processing. Neuron‐specific FMRP mutants revealed a requirement for neuronal FMRP in the regulation of FXGs. Finally, conditional FMRP ablation demonstrated that FXGs are expressed in axons of thalamic relay nuclei that innervate cortex, but not in axons of thalamic reticular nuclei, striatal nuclei, or cortical neurons that innervate thalamus. Together, these findings support the proposal that dysregulation of axonal and presynaptic Fragile X proteins contribute to the neurological symptoms of FXS. J. Comp. Neurol. 520:3687–3706, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

几种硫酸镁加重中药材及饮片的快速鉴别

目的建立一种快速、简便的中药材及饮片中硫酸镁加重粉的鉴别方法。方法经验鉴别法:眼看、手捏、嘴尝,理化鉴别法:氯化钡试液和氢氧化钠、碘试液理化反应进行快速鉴别。结果从加重的中药材及中药饮片中可以检测出硫酸根离子和镁离子。结论本方法快速、有效、准确,适用于绝大部分中药材及饮片中硫酸镁加重粉的定性检测。     

基因OCT4、CD133在非小细胞肺癌组织中的表达及临床意义

目的比较OCT4、CD133在非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）组织、癌旁组织及正常肺组织中的表达水平,并探讨2者与临床特征之间的关系。方法随机选取NSCLC癌组织50例、癌旁组织及正常肺组织各20例,采用免疫组化法检测OCT4和CD133的表达情况,分析2者与NSCLC患者临床病理特征的关系。结果癌旁组织及正常肺组织OCT4、CD133蛋白的表达率均显著低于NSCLC癌组织。OCT4在低分化及未分化癌组织中的表达率高于高、中分化组织,OCT4和CD133在有远处转移的NSCLC癌组织中的表达率高于无远处转移组织。50例NSCLC癌组织中,OCT4与CD133共同阳性15例,共同阴性12例,2者之间有明显相关性（P=0．0218）。结论OCT4和CD133在正常细胞向恶性细胞转化的过程中可能扮演了重要角色,检测OCT4和CD133的表达可能有助于对肺癌的早期诊断,为肿瘤于细胞标记物的确定、分化以及对肿瘤干细胞的靶向治疗提供理论依据。     

Synthesis and biological evaluation of triazole derivatives as potential antifungal agent

A series of triazole antifungal agents with piperidine side chains were designed and synthesized. Results of preliminary antifungal tests against eight human pathogenic fungi in vitro showed that all the title compounds exhibited excellent activities with broad spectrum. Moreover, a molecular model for the binding between compound 12 and the active site of CACYP51 was provided based on the computational docking results. The side chain of the compound 12 is oriented into substrate access channel 2 (FG loop) and forms hydrophobic and van der waals interactions with surrounding hydrophobic residues. The phenyl group of the side chain can interact with the phenyl group of Phe380 through the formation of π-π face-to-edge interaction.